Date Added : 1989-10-01
Current sex of subject
[X] Form 1
[ ] Form 2
Abstraction (acute or rehab record)
If transgender, record current sex.
| Sex: | |
| Characteristic | N = 21,526 |
|---|---|
| Sex:, n (%) | |
| Female | 5,717 (27) |
| Male | 15,800 (73) |
| Missing | 9 |
100% of the abstracted people have valid data
Race and Ethnicity are asked at Form 2 and are back filled into a Primary Race Category.
Date Added : 1989-10-01
Ethnicity - Self-reported Ethnicity for two categories: “Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish”, and “Not Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish”. To code this variable, participants are asked “Are you of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin?”
Race - Self-Reported racial identification for each of the following five categories: “White”, “Black, African American”, “Asian”, “American Indian or Alaskan Native”, and “Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander”. To code these variables, participants are asked “What racial group or groups do you most identify as?”. To account for mixed race, all race categories that a participant indicates should be coded.
Form 1 - Follow-up question is asked if more than one race or ethnicity is asked to capture primary race participant identies as - “If you selected more than one race or ethnicity, with which do you identify most strongly?”
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form I - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 2 - Interview, Mail-Out (participant or proxy)
Patient’s or significant other’s statement is preferred to hospital record information.
Record participant’s statement regarding his/her race, or record race of father.
In obtaining a statement from the participant regarding his/her race/ethnicity, ambiguity may be resolved by asking which race/ethnicity is more important in his/her daily life.
It is acceptable to collect RACE variables from an SO if individual cannot answer for themselves.
The RACE questions are to be asked only once, NOT at every follow-up.
On 1/15/2023, “What is your race?” was removed from Form 1 data collection and replaced with race questions from Form 2 - “Are you of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin?; and “What racial group or groups do you most identify as? (Select all that apply)”; Race as a single variable is mapped to RacePrimary to ensure consistency with prior data collection
New follow-up question - “If you identified with more than one race in the above questions, what is the race you identify with the most?” was added on 4/1/2023 - This was to insure a crosswalk with the Race variable that was asked prior to the Race Ethnicity split.
Code “6-Biracial or Multiracial” added to Primary Race Question on 10/1/2023
2000 Census, Department of Commerce: See - External Links
Office of Management and Budgets Federal Register
Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity
| Characteristic | N = 21,526 |
|---|---|
| Race Summary Variable, n (%) | |
| No to All Race Indicators | 49 (0.2) |
| White only | 13,608 (63) |
| Black/African-American only | 3,798 (18) |
| Asian only | 499 (2.3) |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander only | 28 (0.1) |
| Hispanic Origin only | 1,350 (6.3) |
| American Indian or Alaskan Native only | 93 (0.4) |
| Multiple Races | 1,870 (8.7) |
| Other | 170 (0.8) |
| Missing | 61 |
| Are you of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin?, n (%) | |
| No | 14,508 (86) |
| Yes | 2,294 (14) |
| Missing | 4,724 |
| Individual Race Categories | |
| Characteristic | N = 21,526 |
|---|---|
| White:, n (%) | |
| No | 4,630 (28) |
| Yes | 12,152 (72) |
| Missing | 4,744 |
| Asian:, n (%) | |
| No | 16,108 (96) |
| Yes | 608 (3.6) |
| Missing | 4,810 |
| American Indian, or Alaskan Native:, n (%) | |
| No | 16,183 (97) |
| Yes | 537 (3.2) |
| Missing | 4,806 |
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander:, n (%) | |
| No | 16,598 (99) |
| Yes | 110 (0.7) |
| Missing | 4,818 |
| Black, African American:, n (%) | |
| No | 13,518 (81) |
| Yes | 3,214 (19) |
| Missing | 4,794 |
Language Spoken at home is a Variable that is asked at Form 2 to back fill Form 1 information. Thus the start date has been modified to reflect that data can be collected on everyone
Date Added : 1989-10-01
Primary Language spoken in the participant’s home
To code this variable, participants will be asked;
“Before the injury, what was the primary language spoken in your home?” (Form 1)
“What is the primary language spoken in your home?” (Form 2)
Languages other than English or Spanish will be recorded in a secondary text field.
Country of birth; To code this variable, participants will be asked “What is your country of birth?” Countries other than the United States will be recorded in a secondary text field.
Years in US; The number of years that a participant has lived in the United States (if they were not born in the US). To code this variable, participants who report a country of birth other than the United States will be asked “How many years have you been in the United States?”
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form I - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 2 - Interview, Mail-Out (participant or proxy)
For participants enrolled prior to addition of this variable, ask the question at the time of the next Form 2 follow-up.
Primary Language
If 2 or more languages are spoken in the home, try to get the participant to choose which language they consider to be the primary language.
Country of Birth
Country of Birth for participants enrolled prior to addition of this variable; ask the question at the time of the next Form 2 follow-up.
If born in Puerto Rico count as born in the US.
Years in US
This question should only be asked of participants whose country of birth is other than the United States. Therefore, it should be asked after the question on country of birth.
Begin by asking the number of years participants have been in the United States. If less than 1 year, then ask number of months. Code 6 months or greater as 1 year. Code less than 6 months as 0 years.
If participants have lived in the United States intermittently, with periods separated by time spent in another country, record the total number of years spent in the United States. Example - Participant has spent 3-4 months of every year in the US for the last 30 years. To determine the total number of years spent in the US, multiply the 30 years by 3.5 months (mid-point of a “3 - 4” month range). That gives us a total of 105 months in the US. Divide that by 12 months for a total of 8.75 years, and then round up for a total of 9 years spent in the US.
Recommendations for using data collected at Form 2 include two options:
Someone from abroad visiting U.S. relatives has a TBI. After rehabilitation, they return to their home country. They then immigrate to live in the U.S. for 3 years. At their year 5 follow-up, they state they have been living in the U.S. for 3 years. Subtracting 5 from this value results in -2 years in the U.S. at the time of injury.
In this case, the value can be counted as 0 years in the U.S. at the time of injury.
| What is the primary language spoken in your home? | |
| Characteristic | N = 21,526 |
|---|---|
| What is the primary language spoken in your home?, n (%) | |
| English | 15,895 (90) |
| Spanish | 1,240 (7.0) |
| Other Language | 587 (3.3) |
| Missing | 3,804 |
82% of the abstracted people have valid data
Date Added : 1989-10-01
AGE - This calculated variable determines the precise age, in full years, of the participant by comparing their fixed Date of Birth (Birth) against a flexible Reference Date (Injury Date or Follow-up Date). This logic is designed to be mathematically accurate, ensuring that the age in years reflects whether the participant’s birthday had passed as of the specified reference date.
AGEF - Age at Follow-Up
AGENoPHI - Age Calculated for Non-PHI calculates age at injury without Protected Health Information by grouping people greater than or equal to the age of 89 so they can’t be identified.
AGENoPHIF - Age at Follow-Up Calculated for Non-PHI calculates age at follow-up without Protected Health Information by grouping people greater than or equal to the age of 89 so they can’t be identified.
BMI, BMIF - (Body Mass Index at Injury) (kg/m2) is calculated from height in inches and weight in pounds as [weight(lbs)/height(in)^2]*703
BMICat, BMICatF classifies BMI into categories between severely underweight to very severely obese, using the BMI calculated from height and weight
RuralF (Urbanicity) - Urbanization based on zip code of address.
AGEF - Calculates years from Birth to Follow-Up
CASE WHEN DATEADD(year, DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury), Birth) > Injury THEN DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) - 1 ELSE DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) END AS AGE
AGENoPHIF - Calculates years from Birth to Follow-Up
(CASE WHEN DATEADD(year, DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury), Birth) > Injury THEN DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) - 1 ELSE DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) END) >= 89 THEN 989 ELSE (CASE WHEN DATEADD(year, DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury), Birth) > Injury THEN DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) - 1 ELSE DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) END) END AS AGENP
BMI, BMIF - If height or weight is not available or a subject had an arm or leg amputation, then BMI is not calculated.
- Computes BMI = Weight /Square(Height) *703 - 888 or 777 is BMI is not available or subject had an arm or leg amputation
- 999 or NULL is BMI is unknown
RURALF - Urbanicity classifies a person’s location as urban, rural, or suburban based on their zip code. The mapping of zip codes to these categories come from a dataset located at http://greatdata.com/rural-urban-data/.
| Age at Injury | |
| Characteristic | N = 21,474 |
|---|---|
| Age at Injury | |
| N Non-missing | 21,474 |
| Mean (SD) | 43 (20) |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 40 (25, 59) |
| Min, Max | 16, 101 |
100% of the abstracted people have valid data
Military Service is a Variable that is asked at Form 2 to back fill Form 1 information. Thus the start date has been modified to reflect that data can be collected on everyone
Date Added : 1989-10-01
Determine history of military service. These variables are intended to allow for better comparison with DOD/VA data.
The following questions are asked:
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form 1 - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 2 - Interview, Mail-out (participant or proxy)
Guard or reserve duty should be considered as service in the military, but does not count toward years of active duty.
Include service in foreign military.
Round up if months of duty are given (e.g., month of active duty = .5 years; 14 months of active duty = 1.5 years)
DVBIC SIG
| Have you ever served in the military? | |
| Characteristic | N = 21,526 |
|---|---|
| Have you ever served in the military?, n (%) | |
| No | 14,031 (88) |
| Yes | 1,845 (12) |
| Missing | 5,650 |
74% of the abstracted people have valid data
| How many years of active duty have you served in the military? | |
| Characteristic | N = 1,845 |
|---|---|
| How many years of active duty have you served in the military? | |
| N Non-missing | 1,799 |
| Mean (SD) | 4.6 (5.1) |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 3.0 (2.0, 5.0) |
| Min, Max | 0.0, 38.0 |
| Unknown | 46 |
98% of the abstracted people have valid data
Date Added : 1989-10-01
Determine history of military service. These variables are intended to allow for better comparison with DOD/VA data.
The following questions are asked:
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form 1 - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 2 - Interview, Mail-out (participant or proxy)
Guard or reserve duty should be considered as service in the military, but does not count toward years of active duty.
Include service in foreign military.
Round up if months of duty are given (e.g., month of active duty = .5 years; 14 months of active duty = 1.5 years)
DVBIC SIG
| Were you ever deployed in a combat zone? | |
| Characteristic | N = 1,845 |
|---|---|
| Were you ever deployed in a combat zone?, n (%) | |
| No | 1,229 (68) |
| Yes | 587 (32) |
| Missing | 29 |
98% of the abstracted people have valid data
Date Added : 1989-10-01
Primary (largest) payor source(s) for both acute and rehabilitation hospitalizations
4 - Private Insurance includes Employee Insurance, Privately Purchased Policies such as BCBS, HMO, PPO, TRICARE/TRIWEST, Federal Exchanges, etc.
8 - State or County includes State Crippled Children, Department Of Rehab, etc.
14 - Charity includes Hospital Provided Free Care
[X] Form 1
[ ] Form 2
Form 1 - Abstraction (acute record, rehab record)
Any given payor may have many kinds of policies, so the name of the payor is often not sufficient information for determining type of policy. If the payor source is not clear, contact your hospital’s billing department to determine correct payor source.
Code ‘55. Payor Source Pending’ should be used only as a place holder until the actual payment source is known.
Payor sources fitting more than 1 category should be coded only once, and are not to be broken-out between the primary and secondary sources. If present, any type of ‘’managed care’’ category should be given the highest prioritization. For example, if the payor source is “Auto Insurance with HMO” code ‘6. HMO.’
Medicaid HMO should be coded ‘2. Medicaid’.
All cases coded as ‘01 - Medicare’ or ‘02 - Medicaid’ prior to 4/2/99 remained in these coding categories. Centers with the ability to perform retrospective re-coding, re-coded these cases to codes 15 through 18 as appropriate.
Several categories were combined / re-defined on 10/1/2011:
01 = Medicare (unable to determine if traditionally or managed care administered) [CHANGED TO 01 = Medicare]
02 = Medicaid (unable to determine if traditionally or managed care administered) [CHANGED TO 02 = Medicaid]
03 = Workers’ Compensation [UNCHANGED]
04 = Blue Cross/Shield [COMBINED WITH 05 = Private Insurance (Other); CHANGED TO 04 = Private Insurance, Other (BC/BS, Employee Insurance, Privately Purchased Policies, Etc.)]
05 = Private Insurance (Other) [COMBINED WITH 04 = Blue Cross/Blue Shield; CODE 05 REMOVED]
06 = HMO (Health Maintenance Organization) [UNCHANGED]
07 = Private Pay [CHANGED TO 07 = Self Or Private Pay]
08 = State Crippled Children’s [COMBINED WITH 09 = Department of Rehabilitation; CHANGED TO 08 = State or County (State Crippled Children, Department of Rehab, Etc.)]
09 = Department of Rehabilitation [COMBINED WITH 08 = State Crippled Children’s; CODE 09 REMOVED]
10 = No Fault Insurance [CHANGED TO 10 = Auto Insurance]
11 = PPO [UNCHANGED]
12 = CHAMPUS [CHANGED TO 12 = TRICARE/TRIWEST (Formerly CHAMPUS)]
14 = Hospital (free bed) [CHANGED TO 14 = Hospital Free Care]
15 = Medicare (traditionally administered) [COMBINED WITH 01 = Medicare (unable to determine if traditionally or managed care administered); CODE 15 REMOVED]
16 = Medicaid (traditionally administered) [COMBINED WITH 02 = Medicaid (unable to determine if traditionally or managed care administered); CODE 16 REMOVED]
17 = Medicare (managed care administered) [COMBINED WITH 01 = Medicare (unable to determine if traditionally or managed care administered); CODE 17 REMOVED]
18 = Medicaid (managed care administered) [COMBINED WITH 02 = Medicaid (unable to determine if traditionally or managed care administered); CODE 18 REMOVED]
19 = DoD (VA database only - not a TBIMS code) [UNCHANGED]
20 = VA (VA database only - not a TBIMS code) [UNCHANGED]
55 = Medicaid Pending [CHANGED TO 55 = Payor Source Pending]
77 = Other [UNCHANGED]
88 = N/A (No care given or no secondary payor) [CHANGED TO 88 = Not Applicable (No Secondary Payor)]
99 = Unknown [UNCHANGED]
In 2017 More categories were combined - the existing variable was copied to the variable archive and the live variable was recoded by combining all private insurance together (4-private insurance: other; 6-HMO; 11-PPO; and 12-TRICARE/TRIWEST). Also recommended to rename “Hospital Free Care” as “Charity.”
In 2018, copied current variable to Archives and re-coded variable to combine all private insurances together and rename Hospital Free care to “Charity”
| Payor | |
| Characteristic | N = 21,526 |
|---|---|
| Primary acute payor:, n (%) | |
| Medicare | 3,605 (17) |
| Medicaid | 4,527 (21) |
| Workers Compensation | 1,012 (4.8) |
| Private Insurance | 8,505 (40) |
| Self or Private Pay | 901 (4.2) |
| State or County | 216 (1.0) |
| Auto Insurance | 1,576 (7.4) |
| Charity | 666 (3.1) |
| Other | 255 (1.2) |
| Payor Source Pending | 5 (<0.1) |
| Missing | 258 |
| Primary rehabilitation payor:, n (%) | |
| Medicare | 3,663 (17) |
| Medicaid | 4,669 (22) |
| Workers Compensation | 1,046 (4.9) |
| Private Insurance | 8,722 (41) |
| Self or Private Pay | 663 (3.1) |
| State or County | 203 (0.9) |
| Auto Insurance | 1,306 (6.1) |
| Charity | 937 (4.4) |
| Other | 233 (1.1) |
| Payor Source Pending | 1 (<0.1) |
| Missing | 83 |
100% of the abstracted people have valid data
Date Added : 1989-10-01
Includes Cause of Injury, Primary and Secondary ICD External Cause of Injury Codes.
Guidelines for coding ICD External Cause of Injury Codes : See Links
Cause of Injury
1 - Motor Vehicle Does not include auto racing. Auto racing is coded 18
2 - Motorcycle Includes 2-wheeled, motorized vehicle including mopeds, motorized dirt bikes, and motorized scooters
3 - Bicycle Includes tricycles and unicycles
4 - All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) and All-Terrain Cycle (ATC) Includes both 3-wheeled and 4-wheeled recreational vehicles, dune buggy and go-cart
5 - Other Vehicular: Unclassified Includes tractor, bulldozer, steam roller, train, road grader, forklift, aircraft
10 - Gunshot Wound
11 - Assaults With Blunt Instrument Non-penetrating
12 - Other Violence Includes all other penetrating wounds: stabbing, impalement. Also includes explosions. (Those caused by bomb, grenade, dynamite, gasoline)
13 - Water Sports Includes diving, water skiing, surfing (includes body surfing), swimming, boating, etc.
14 - Field/Track Sports Includes football, baseball, softball, basketball, volleyball, field hockey, lacrosse, soccer, rugby, high jump and pole vault
15 - Gymnastic Activities Includes trampoline, breakdancing and other gym activities
16 - Winter Sports Includes snow skiing, sled, snow tube, toboggan, snowmobile, etc.
17 - Air Sports Includes hang gliding, parachuting, para-sailing, glider kite, etc. (Does not include airplane. Airplane is coded 05)
18 - Other Sports Includes wrestling, horseback riding, rodeo (e.g. bronco/bull riding), skateboard, auto racing, etc.
19 - Fall Includes jumping and being pushed
20 - Hit By Falling/Flying Object Includes ditch cave-in, avalanche, rock slide
21 - Pedestrian
22 - Other Unclassified Includes lightning, kicked by an animal, machinery accidents
999 - Unknown
[X] Form 1
[ ] Form 2
Abstraction (acute record)
Cause of Injury
Cause of Injury is an important variable. Data collector should always know cause of TBI (needed to determine study inclusion), therefore cause and ICD External Cause of Injury codes should never be missing or unknown.
Cause of injury should correspond with the primary ICD External Cause of Injury Code and both codes should correspond with the narrative documented in the medical chart (history and physical) pay special attention to description of injured person (ie passenger, driver, pedal cyclist, etc.)
If the cause is not known, investigate as thoroughly as feasible and make a determination if possible. Also, be alert to information becoming available at a later time and be ready to record and submit it.
If person is found “down”, try to determine what happened.
On rare occasions, the cause of injury (Cause of Injury and ICD External Code variables) may be coded as “unknown” if unable to determine the mechanism or circumstances of injury. However, the data collector/admitting physiatrist should still be able to conclude that the primary mode of injury was traumatic in these cases, as this is a requirement for inclusion in the study.
ICD External Cause of Injury Codes
When taking External Cause of Injury Codes from the Medical Record, they should be checked to ensure that they reflect the best / most current information available about the cause of the injury. Data collectors may submit ICD External Cause of Injury Code that differ from those recorded in the Medical Record in cases where they feel the Medical Record ICD External Cause of Injury Code may not reflect the best / most current information available. There should be clear documentation on the data collection form when an ICD External Cause of Injury Code entered into the database does not reflect the ICD External Cause of Injury Code recorded in the Medical Record. In unusual cases where no ICD External Cause of Injury Code relative to the injury that resulted in traumatic brain injury is recorded in the Medical Record, the data collector should use best judgement and the consultation of other personnel, as necessary, to determine the appropriate ICD External Cause of Injury Code from the TBIMS database list.
Code 2 causes of injury if there were 2 causes. If only one cause, the second ICD External Cause of Injury Code should be coded as the place of injury.
Place of injury codes should be used with any primary ICD External Cause of Injury Code to denote the PLACE where the accident or poisoning occurred. This code should always be secondary, never primary.
Late effects of injury codes are to be used to indicate circumstances classifiable as the cause of death or disability from late effects related to an injury. These include conditions reported as such, or occurring as sequelae one year or more after injury purposely inflicted by another person or injuries where intention is undetermined.
The TBIMS inclusion criteria specifies that participants present to the Model System ED with injuries occurring within 72 hours of admission. Therefore, all cases with a late effect external code listed as primary should be reviewed to assure that the injury is truly new and not pre-existing. If the current admission is due to a pre-existing TBI, this case does not fit the TBIMS inclusion criteria and should be excluded from the study.
ICD External Cause of Injury Codes can be assigned by data collector if medical record personnel unavailable.
888 (fall) is a valid External Cause of Injury ICD Code. Don’t use 888 as “not applicable” (88888 = not applicable).
88888 should NEVER be the primary External Cause of Injury ICD Code, but can be the secondary code.
Include the preceding “V”, “W”, “X”, or “Y” for ICD-10 cause of injury codes.
The following ICD External Cause of Injury Code should rarely, if ever, be the primary. These codes should be reviewed and validated prior to data entry: - accidental poisoning by drugs, medicinal substances; - accidental poisoning by other solid and liquid substances, gases, and vapors; - misadventures to patients during surgical and medical care; surgical and medical procedures as the cause of abnormal reaction of patient or later complication, without mention of misadventure at the time of the procedure; - accidents caused by fire and flames; - accidents due to natural and environmental factors; - accidents caused by submersion, suffocation, and foreign bodies; - assault by corrosive or caustic substance (except poisoning) - assault by poisoning - assault by hanging and strangulation - assault by submersion - drowning - assault by hot liquid - injuries undetermined whether accidentally or purposely inflicted
If two vehicles are involved, the cause of injury should be coded according to the vehicle on/in which the patient was riding (e.g. patient cycling on a bicycle and hit by a car, the cause would be the bicycle since that is the vehicle the patient was riding on.)
If two events are involved, the cause of injury should be coded according to the initial event (e.g. patient riding a bicycle fell, lost control and fell into ditch would be coded as a bicycle accident, not a fall.)
If two events are involved, and the participant sustains injuries from both events, the cause of injury should be coded according to the initial event. (e.g. patient hit in the head and fell to ground hitting head again would be coded as assault). If in doubt which event occurred first, ask the TBIMS physician which cause would be primary based on the extent of injury apparently caused by both events.
If person jumps from a moving vehicle, use code 19 in this variable, however, use appropriate vehicular ICD external code (E818.? for ICD-9 or V87.8XXA for ICD-10) ICD External Cause of Injury Code [CSEICD].
If injury occurred in parking lot of a public building, code “Y92.481 - Parking lot as the place of occurrence of the external cause”.
Cause of injury for patients who were “struck by a fist” should be coded as ‘’11 = Assaults with blunt instrument (non-penetrating)’‘. Although an’‘instrument’’ was not technically utilized in the assault, this code best describes the etiology of the injury.
Do not include codes regarding drug or alcohol use or intoxication at the time of the injury in the External ICD code fields.
ICD-10-CM List of External Cause of Morbidity Codes
ICD-10-CM/PCS Medical Coding Reference
ICD-10-CM Place of occurrence of External Cause
SCVMC (Santa Clara Valley Medical Center
ICD-9-CM 2001: International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision Clinical Modification, AMA Press. Volume 1, 2000, 251-279. ISBN: 1579471501.
| Cause of injury: | |
| Characteristic | N = 21,526 |
|---|---|
| Cause of injury:, n (%) | |
| Motor Vehicle | 7,114 (33) |
| Motorcycle | 2,137 (9.9) |
| Bicycle | 621 (2.9) |
| All-Terrain Vehicle (ATV) and All-Terrain Cycle (ATC) | 337 (1.6) |
| Other Vehicular: Unclassified | 162 (0.8) |
| Gunshot Wound | 833 (3.9) |
| Assaults With Blunt Instrument | 1,268 (5.9) |
| Other Violence | 183 (0.9) |
| Water Sports | 23 (0.1) |
| Field/Track Sports | 22 (0.1) |
| Gymnastic Activities | 2 (<0.1) |
| Winter Sports | 137 (0.6) |
| Air Sports | 8 (<0.1) |
| Other Sports | 185 (0.9) |
| Fall | 6,431 (30) |
| Hit By Falling/Flying Object | 269 (1.3) |
| Pedestrian | 1,667 (7.8) |
| Other Unclassified | 81 (0.4) |
| Missing | 46 |
100% of the abstracted people have valid data
Date Added : 1989-10-01
Form 1 - Marital status at time just prior to injury.
Form 2 - Marital status at follow-up evaluation according to the best source of information (person with brain injury unless unavailable or unreliable).
1 - Single (Never Married) A person who has never married
2 - Married A person who is married, whether legally or by common law
3 - Divorced A person who is legally divorced
4 - Separated Includes both legal separation and living apart from a married partner
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form 1 Mar - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 2 MarF - Interview, Mail-Out (participant or proxy)
If separated but living together for more than 7 years, code as “2. Married”.
UAB
Characteristic | Overall | INJ | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 5 | Year 10 | Year 15 | Year 20 | Year 25 | Year 30 | Year 35 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar, n (%) | |||||||||||
Divorced | 12,479 (15) | 2,514 (12) | 2,262 (13) | 2,202 (15) | 2,021 (17) | 1,561 (20) | 1,074 (22) | 573 (23) | 209 (24) | 55 (22) | 8 (21) |
Married | 27,194 (33) | 7,192 (34) | 5,589 (33) | 4,834 (32) | 3,770 (32) | 2,754 (34) | 1,756 (36) | 892 (37) | 308 (36) | 81 (32) | 18 (46) |
Other | 134 (0.2) | 39 (0.2) | 22 (0.1) | 21 (0.1) | 19 (0.2) | 11 (0.1) | 13 (0.3) | 6 (0.2) | 3 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Separated | 3,037 (3.7) | 758 (3.5) | 661 (3.9) | 566 (3.8) | 458 (3.9) | 315 (3.9) | 174 (3.5) | 72 (2.9) | 23 (2.7) | 9 (3.6) | 1 (2.6) |
Single (Never Married) | 34,656 (42) | 9,745 (45) | 7,502 (44) | 6,523 (44) | 4,928 (42) | 3,012 (38) | 1,737 (35) | 810 (33) | 295 (34) | 94 (38) | 10 (26) |
Widowed | 4,221 (5.2) | 1,200 (5.6) | 943 (5.6) | 842 (5.6) | 593 (5.0) | 330 (4.1) | 184 (3.7) | 88 (3.6) | 28 (3.2) | 11 (4.4) | 2 (5.1) |
Missing | 642 | 78 | 135 | 156 | 106 | 79 | 46 | 28 | 9 | 5 | 0 |
100% of the abstracted people have valid data
99% of the interviewed people have valid data
Date Added : 1989-10-01
Primary person with whom the person with TBI is living with at time of evaluation, according to the best source of information (person with brain injury unless unavailable or unreliable).
LivWhoInj - at time just prior to injury
LivWhoDis - at discharge from Rehabilitation
LivWhoF - Person Living with Currently: Primary
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form 1 LiveWhoInj - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 1 LivWhoDis - Abstraction (rehab record)
Form 2 LivWhoF - Interview, Mail-Out (participant or proxy)
If living with more than one person, list the person most involved in the patient’s life and care.
On 4/1/2022, the response categories were collapsed from the following coding choices;
1 - Alone; 2 - Spouse; 3 - Parent(s); 4 - Sibling(s); 5 - Child/Children Under 21 Years Of Age; 6 - Other Relative(s) Or Adult Child/Children 21 Years Of Age Or Older; 7 - Roommate(s) Or Friend(s); 8 - Significant Other; 9 - Other Patients; 10 - Other Residents (Group Living Situation); 11 - Personal Care Attendant; 77 - Other (Includes Correctional Facility Inmates); 99 - Unknown
…to the choices below;
1. Alone, 2. With spouse or significant other, 3. Other family, 4. Someone else, 99. Unknown (LivWhoDis has an additional code of 88-Not Applicable: Expired in Rehab.)
Existing cases were recoded as follows;
- Cases coded as ‘4 - Sibling(s)’, ‘5 - Child/Children Under 21 Years Of Age’, or ‘6 - Other Relative(s) Or Adult Child/Children 21 Years Of Age Or Older’ were recoded to ‘3 - Other Family’.
- Cases coded as ‘7 - Roommate(s) Or Friend(s)’, ‘9 - Other Patients’, ‘10 - Other Residents (Group Living Situation)’, ‘11 - Personal Care Attendant’, ‘77 - Other (Includes Correctional Facility Inmates)’, were recoded to ‘4. Someone else’.
- Cases coded as ‘8 - Significant Other’ were recoded to ‘2 Spouse’.
Characteristic | Overall | ADM | DIS | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 5 | Year 10 | Year 15 | Year 20 | Year 25 | Year 30 | Year 35 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LivWho, n (%) | ||||||||||||
Alone | 14,894 (14) | 4,032 (19) | 770 (3.6) | 2,120 (12) | 2,261 (15) | 2,195 (19) | 1,640 (21) | 1,049 (21) | 550 (23) | 215 (25) | 53 (21) | 9 (23) |
Other Family | 36,629 (36) | 6,834 (32) | 9,496 (44) | 6,584 (39) | 5,501 (37) | 3,777 (32) | 2,258 (28) | 1,270 (26) | 607 (25) | 224 (26) | 72 (29) | 6 (15) |
Someone Else | 12,815 (12) | 1,723 (8.0) | 4,475 (21) | 2,036 (12) | 1,779 (12) | 1,304 (11) | 721 (9.0) | 460 (9.3) | 217 (8.9) | 65 (7.5) | 31 (12) | 4 (10) |
Spouse Or Significant Other | 38,834 (38) | 8,852 (41) | 6,702 (31) | 6,232 (37) | 5,464 (36) | 4,518 (38) | 3,355 (42) | 2,169 (44) | 1,066 (44) | 362 (42) | 94 (38) | 20 (51) |
Missing | 717 | 85 | 83 | 142 | 139 | 101 | 88 | 36 | 29 | 9 | 5 | 0 |
100% of the abstracted people have valid data
99% of the interviewed people have valid data
Date Added : 1989-10-01
Where the person with brain injury is living:
ResInj - residence at the time just prior to injury
ResDis - residence at discharge from Rehabilitation
ResF - residence at the time of follow-up evaluation, according to the best source of information (person with brain injury unless unavailable or unreliable)
Residence Codes
1 - Private Residence Includes house, apartment, mobile home, foster home, condominium, dormitory (school, church, college), military barracks, boarding school, boarding home, rooming house, bunk-house, boys ranch, fraternity/sorority house, commune, migrant farmworkers camp
2 - Nursing Home/Subacute Care Includes medi-center, residential, institutions licensed as hospitals but providing essentially long-term, custodial, chronic disease care, etc.
3 - Adult Home Includes adult foster care, indep. living center, transitional living facility, assisted living, supported living, group home
4 - Correctional Institution Includes prison, jail, penitentiary, correctional center, labor camp, halfway house, etc.
5 - Hotel/Motel Includes YWCA, YMCA, guest ranch, inn
6 - Homeless Includes a shelter for the homeless
9 - Hospital: Other Includes mental hospital, inpatient drug treatment
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form 1 ResInj - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 1 ResDis - Abstraction (rehab record)
Form 2 ResF - Interview, Mail-Out (participant or proxy)
If there is uncertainty regarding residence, treat it as a self-report variable. If residence is not clear, a reliable respondent (when possible, the person with TBI) should be asked, eg., “Where were you [the person with TBI] living (‘prior to injury’, or at ‘follow-up’)?”. If the response is ambiguous (as may happen, eg., if the person is transient) use probes in order to adequately understand the respondent’s belief regarding residence, then code that. Do not probe to obtain additional objective information about the living situation and then (the data collector) use that information in determining the correct code. When residence is at all ambiguous, treat it as a self-report variable.
Patients discharged to temporary living facilities while still enrolled in outpatient programs should be coded according to the level of supervision or assistance they receive. If the facility is for the use of patients and their families, code these transitional residences as “private residence” rather than an “adult home/transitional living facility”, as supervision or assistance in this setting would be provided by the family member or the attendant residing with the person, rather than by a staff overseeing a group of individuals which is more typical in an “adult home/transitional living facility.”
If participant is still in the hospital at follow-up, data collectors are encouraged to find out reason for hospitalization and if they will be discharged while still in the follow-up window. If participant is expected to still be hospitalized when the window closes, then code as ‘7-Hospital (Acute Care)’.
Code government or non-profit subsidized SRO (Single Resident Occupancy) housing as “3-Adult Home (Includes adult foster care, independent living center, transitional living facility, assisted living, supported living, group home)”. Even though some of these vary from a single private room within a larger building or a full apartment, the space that they occupy could be viewed as a transitional and supported living situation given that it is not a permanent housing solution and/or it is funded by government/subsidy.
Participants living in a boat, RV or other living situation where they “take their home with them” should be coded as “Private Residence”.
Deleted the category “shelter” from code 01 and moved it to 06 as “shelter for the homeless” as of 10/1/2004 meaning that prior to this date, persons in that category are in 01 and after that date they are in 06.
Characteristic | Overall | INJ | DIS | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 5 | Year 10 | Year 15 | Year 20 | Year 25 | Year 30 | Year 35 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Res, n (%) | ||||||||||||
Adult Home | 1,827 (1.8) | 151 (0.7) | 508 (2.4) | 283 (1.7) | 307 (2.0) | 250 (2.1) | 144 (1.8) | 109 (2.2) | 51 (2.1) | 16 (1.8) | 7 (2.8) | 1 (2.6) |
Correctional Institution | 34 (<0.1) | 16 (<0.1) | 18 (<0.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Homeless | 576 (0.6) | 206 (1.0) | 44 (0.2) | 74 (0.4) | 80 (0.5) | 71 (0.6) | 43 (0.5) | 31 (0.6) | 18 (0.7) | 6 (0.7) | 2 (0.8) | 1 (2.6) |
Hospital | 1,409 (1.4) | 18 (<0.1) | 957 (4.5) | 199 (1.2) | 104 (0.7) | 64 (0.5) | 41 (0.5) | 15 (0.3) | 6 (0.2) | 4 (0.5) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) |
Hotel/Motel | 209 (0.2) | 52 (0.2) | 60 (0.3) | 27 (0.2) | 24 (0.2) | 16 (0.1) | 10 (0.1) | 14 (0.3) | 4 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Nursing Home/Subacute Care | 4,520 (4.4) | 21 (<0.1) | 2,428 (11) | 741 (4.4) | 529 (3.5) | 361 (3.0) | 214 (2.7) | 137 (2.8) | 55 (2.2) | 26 (3.0) | 7 (2.8) | 1 (2.6) |
Other | 304 (0.3) | 94 (0.4) | 65 (0.3) | 34 (0.2) | 44 (0.3) | 31 (0.3) | 18 (0.2) | 13 (0.3) | 2 (<0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0) |
Private Residence | 94,565 (91) | 20,899 (97) | 17,366 (81) | 15,667 (92) | 13,968 (93) | 11,056 (93) | 7,554 (94) | 4,650 (94) | 2,320 (94) | 815 (94) | 234 (92) | 36 (92) |
Missing | 445 | 69 | 80 | 89 | 88 | 46 | 38 | 15 | 13 | 5 | 2 | 0 |
100% of the abstracted people have valid data
100% of the interviewed people have valid data
Date Added : 1989-10-01
AGE - This calculated variable determines the precise age, in full years, of the participant by comparing their fixed Date of Birth (Birth) against a flexible Reference Date (Injury Date or Follow-up Date). This logic is designed to be mathematically accurate, ensuring that the age in years reflects whether the participant’s birthday had passed as of the specified reference date.
AGEF - Age at Follow-Up
AGENoPHI - Age Calculated for Non-PHI calculates age at injury without Protected Health Information by grouping people greater than or equal to the age of 89 so they can’t be identified.
AGENoPHIF - Age at Follow-Up Calculated for Non-PHI calculates age at follow-up without Protected Health Information by grouping people greater than or equal to the age of 89 so they can’t be identified.
BMI, BMIF - (Body Mass Index at Injury) (kg/m2) is calculated from height in inches and weight in pounds as [weight(lbs)/height(in)^2]*703
BMICat, BMICatF classifies BMI into categories between severely underweight to very severely obese, using the BMI calculated from height and weight
RuralF (Urbanicity) - Urbanization based on zip code of address.
AGEF - Calculates years from Birth to Follow-Up
CASE WHEN DATEADD(year, DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury), Birth) > Injury THEN DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) - 1 ELSE DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) END AS AGE
AGENoPHIF - Calculates years from Birth to Follow-Up
(CASE WHEN DATEADD(year, DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury), Birth) > Injury THEN DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) - 1 ELSE DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) END) >= 89 THEN 989 ELSE (CASE WHEN DATEADD(year, DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury), Birth) > Injury THEN DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) - 1 ELSE DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) END) END AS AGENP
BMI, BMIF - If height or weight is not available or a subject had an arm or leg amputation, then BMI is not calculated.
- Computes BMI = Weight /Square(Height) *703 - 888 or 777 is BMI is not available or subject had an arm or leg amputation
- 999 or NULL is BMI is unknown
RURALF - Urbanicity classifies a person’s location as urban, rural, or suburban based on their zip code. The mapping of zip codes to these categories come from a dataset located at http://greatdata.com/rural-urban-data/.
Characteristic | Overall | ADM | DIS | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 5 | Year 10 | Year 15 | Year 20 | Year 25 | Year 30 | Year 35 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rural, n (%) | ||||||||||||
Rural | 26,009 (27) | 5,000 (26) | 4,697 (25) | 4,201 (27) | 3,892 (28) | 3,307 (29) | 2,388 (31) | 1,476 (30) | 767 (32) | 226 (26) | 47 (19) | 8 (22) |
Suburban | 29,226 (31) | 5,438 (29) | 5,668 (30) | 4,739 (30) | 4,354 (31) | 3,600 (32) | 2,561 (33) | 1,661 (34) | 817 (34) | 288 (34) | 86 (35) | 14 (39) |
Urban | 39,910 (42) | 8,605 (45) | 8,711 (46) | 6,614 (43) | 5,842 (41) | 4,345 (39) | 2,809 (36) | 1,706 (35) | 809 (34) | 339 (40) | 116 (47) | 14 (39) |
Missing | 8,744 | 2,483 | 2,450 | 1,560 | 1,056 | 643 | 304 | 141 | 76 | 22 | 6 | 3 |
88% of the abstracted people have valid data
94% of the interviewed people have valid data
Date Added : 1989-10-01
EduYears - Highest grade of school completed at the time just prior to injury (Form 1)
EduYearsF - Number of years of education successfully completed at the time of follow-up interview (Form 2)
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form 1 - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 2 - Interview, Mail-out (participant or proxy)
The number of years of education coded may not equal the actual number of years spent in school. For example, a person who is held back two years in elementary school and then drops out of school in the 10th grade (for a total of 11 full years) would be coded as having completed 9 years; or, a person may take 6 years to complete a BA (for a total of 18 years), but, as indicated, only 16 years are coded.
GED, trade school, and other types of schooling not listed, are not counted toward years of education
If person is not sure of number of years, code the greater number.
If person takes a few courses in a college setting with no intention of earning a degree, code “Work toward Associate’s degree, no diploma”.
If participant attended school in a foreign country, data collectors should prompt the participant to pick the most comparable category.
If during a follow-up, a participant or proxy reports a level of education that conflicts with the level of education previously reported (e.g. a lower level completed at follow-up than at Form 1 or a prior follow-up), confirm with the participant or proxy, and re-code the level of education in the database, as well as on any paper documents, to the correct level.
If a participant’s intention changes (e.g. participant reports working towards an Associate’s Degree at follow-up, but had previously reported working towards a Bachelor’s Degree) do not change previous data.
Heaton RK, Miller SW, Taylor MJ, Grant I. Revised Comprehensive Norms for an Expanded Halstead-Reitan Battery: Demographically Adjusted Neuropsychological Norms for African American and Caucasian Adults. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc., 2004, pages 17-18.
All data on educational level are available in the calculated variable “EDUCATION” and “EDUCATION2”. This calculated variable merges data from the older variable “Highest grade of school completed”, which EDUYR and EduYearsF replaced on 1/1/01. Prior to 1/15/2010 this variable erroneously included cases with ‘’13=Work toward an Associate’s degree’’ and ‘’14=Associate’s degree’’ under ‘’5=Some College’‘. Cases with’‘15=Work toward a Bachelor’s degree’’ were erroneously included under ‘’6=Associate degree’’.
Characteristic | Overall | INJ | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 5 | Year 10 | Year 15 | Year 20 | Year 25 | Year 30 | Year 35 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Education, n (%) | |||||||||||
8th Grade Or Less | 3,832 (4.7) | 1,290 (6.1) | 793 (4.7) | 665 (4.5) | 479 (4.1) | 291 (3.7) | 178 (3.6) | 86 (3.5) | 36 (4.2) | 12 (4.7) | 2 (5.3) |
9th - 11th Grade | 11,364 (14) | 3,635 (17) | 2,455 (15) | 1,899 (13) | 1,367 (12) | 915 (12) | 617 (13) | 309 (13) | 118 (14) | 43 (17) | 6 (16) |
HS/GED | 27,223 (34) | 7,421 (35) | 5,782 (34) | 5,034 (34) | 3,835 (33) | 2,517 (32) | 1,531 (31) | 748 (31) | 265 (31) | 79 (31) | 11 (29) |
Trade | 165 (0.2) | 73 (0.3) | 45 (0.3) | 24 (0.2) | 18 (0.2) | 5 (<0.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Some College | 17,517 (22) | 3,770 (18) | 3,637 (22) | 3,486 (23) | 2,816 (24) | 1,822 (23) | 1,133 (23) | 559 (23) | 215 (25) | 69 (27) | 10 (26) |
Associate | 4,897 (6.0) | 1,078 (5.1) | 909 (5.4) | 874 (5.9) | 765 (6.5) | 594 (7.5) | 396 (8.1) | 204 (8.4) | 60 (7.0) | 15 (5.9) | 2 (5.3) |
Bachelors | 10,475 (13) | 2,467 (12) | 2,029 (12) | 1,875 (13) | 1,656 (14) | 1,220 (15) | 721 (15) | 365 (15) | 116 (13) | 23 (9.1) | 3 (7.9) |
Masters | 3,932 (4.8) | 974 (4.6) | 814 (4.8) | 724 (4.9) | 572 (4.9) | 415 (5.2) | 258 (5.3) | 120 (4.9) | 42 (4.9) | 9 (3.6) | 4 (11) |
Doctorate | 1,682 (2.1) | 451 (2.1) | 383 (2.3) | 325 (2.2) | 239 (2.0) | 157 (2.0) | 78 (1.6) | 38 (1.6) | 8 (0.9) | 3 (1.2) | 0 (0) |
Missing | 1,276 | 367 | 267 | 238 | 148 | 126 | 72 | 40 | 15 | 2 | 1 |
98% of the abstracted people have valid data
99% of the interviewed people have valid data
Date Added : 1997-10-01
Pre-injury history of learning and/or behavior problems in school. Was the person with brain injury officially classified as Special Education student prior to his/her injury?
[X] Form 1
[ ] Form 2
Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Participants who express that they had difficulty with school or were held back a grade or two, but never classified as a special education student should be coded “No”.
Gifted programs do not count as special education.
Some cases older than 1/1/97 have data for this variable because Centers were encouraged to collect data retrospectively for older cases.
| Special Education | |
| Characteristic | N = 20,578 |
|---|---|
| While in school, were you ever classified as a special education student?, n (%) | |
| No | 18,588 (93) |
| Yes | 1,505 (7.5) |
| Missing | 485 |
98% of the abstracted people have valid data
Date Added : 1989-10-01
Form 1
The purpose of the preinjury employment variables is to record the extent to which participants were engaging in productive work and, also, their personal earning power [Earn] at the time of injury. Whether employment was legal or illegal is not relevant to coding any of the employment variables. (But see NOTE below about collecting information about illegal employment.)
Code employment status in the month prior to injury.
Determine primary employment status using the following prioritization, regardless of the number of hours worked: competitive employment, degree-oriented education, taking care of house or family, job-directed/on-the-job training, supported employment, sheltered employment, non-directed coursework, volunteer work, retirement (age-related), retirement (disability-related), and no productive activity.
Form 2
Code employment status at the time of the follow-up.
Employment Status Codes
2- Full Time Student Regular class
3 - Part Time Student Regular class
5 - Competitively Employed Minimum wage or greater, legal or illegal employment, *includes on leave with pay - not related to index injury.
8 - Special Employed Sheltered workshop, supportive employment, has job coach
10 - Unemployed: Looking Looking for work in the 4 weeks prior to injury
13 - Unemployed: Not looking Not looking for work in 4 weeks prior to injury for any reason
14 - Hospitalized Without Pay During Most of 4 Weeks Prior to Injury During Most of 4 Weeks Prior to Injury
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form 1 - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 2 - Interview, Mail-out (participant or proxy)
Competitive Employment is employment for which an individual is compensated at or above the minimum wage, but not less than the customary wage and level of benefits paid by the employer for the same or similar work performed by individuals who are not disabled.
If patient is in the hospital at the time of follow-up, employment status is that status existing at the time of admission to the hospital.
If participant is employed for only part of the month prior to the injury, code employment status as during the majority of the work days during that month.
If participant has been hired but has not yet started work, they should NOT be coded as competitively employed.
Students - Code student as full-time or part-time based on self-report.
Special Employment
Retirement
Illegal Employment
Military
Other
Starting 7/1/01, data are entered into a new field that uses the additional coding categories implemented on 7/1/01. The old field has been retained in the database. Data for all cases is available in the calculated variable “EMPLOYMENT”, which merges these two fields.
*As of 1/1/06, all cases with “77” were recoded as “55”, in order to allow “77” to be used for “refused”.
Characteristic | Overall | INJ | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 5 | Year 10 | Year 15 | Year 20 | Year 25 | Year 30 | Year 35 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Employment, n (%) | |||||||||||
Competitively Employed | 33,430 (42) | 12,861 (61) | 4,884 (30) | 4,772 (33) | 4,286 (37) | 3,165 (40) | 2,024 (41) | 1,006 (42) | 331 (39) | 84 (34) | 17 (47) |
Retired | 27,160 (34) | 4,007 (19) | 5,845 (36) | 5,523 (38) | 4,771 (41) | 3,314 (42) | 2,122 (43) | 1,048 (44) | 392 (46) | 125 (51) | 13 (36) |
Student | 3,493 (4.4) | 1,291 (6.1) | 869 (5.3) | 745 (5.1) | 403 (3.5) | 125 (1.6) | 37 (0.8) | 18 (0.7) | 4 (0.5) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) |
Special Employed | 317 (0.4) | 45 (0.2) | 67 (0.4) | 63 (0.4) | 50 (0.4) | 34 (0.4) | 31 (0.6) | 17 (0.7) | 9 (1.1) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) |
Unemployed | 13,280 (17) | 2,469 (12) | 4,260 (26) | 3,049 (21) | 1,717 (15) | 967 (12) | 489 (10) | 228 (9.5) | 72 (8.5) | 24 (9.8) | 5 (14) |
Taking Care Of House Or Family | 1,738 (2.2) | 418 (2.0) | 293 (1.8) | 299 (2.0) | 289 (2.5) | 194 (2.5) | 135 (2.8) | 71 (3.0) | 30 (3.5) | 8 (3.3) | 1 (2.8) |
Volunteer | 666 (0.8) | 129 (0.6) | 140 (0.9) | 150 (1.0) | 111 (1.0) | 62 (0.8) | 44 (0.9) | 18 (0.7) | 10 (1.2) | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0) |
Missing | 2,279 | 306 | 756 | 543 | 268 | 201 | 102 | 63 | 27 | 10 | 3 |
99% of the abstracted people have valid data
99% of the interviewed people have valid data
Date Added : 1989-10-01
OCC - The major census occupational category in which the patient’s occupation is included for his/her primary occupation in the year prior to injury.
OCCF - The major census occupational category in which the patient’s occupation is included for his/her primary occupation in the month prior to follow-up evaluation.
Instructions from Bureau of Census for collecting this information appear to not distinguish legal from illegal employment. The TBIMS Data Committee clarified that illegal employment is to be included (to take effect 1/1/06). See Employment Status for more information and for data collection instructions.
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form 1 - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 2 - Interview, Mail-out (participant or proxy)
Form 2 - Code only if Employment Status is coded “05 - Competitively Employed” or “08 - Special Employed” for either the primary or secondary occupation. Otherwise this variable must be coded “888 - Not Applicable.”
Code the patient’s primary occupation. For a list of the specific occupations in each coding category, see the “1990 Census of Population Occupational Classification System”, pages 9-22 of this document: See External Link. For instructions using this document see External Links.
Classification Principles listed in the Standard Occupational Classification User Guide may be followed to assist in coding occupational categories. Newer Standard Occupational Classifications may also be used to help categorize occupations not included in the list of 1990 Census Occupation Codes. (see External Link - Standard Occupational Classification User Guide)
If an occupation can be found using the newer SOC Classification and Coding Structure, try to identify other occupations in the same Minor Group that are included in the list of 1990 Census Occupation Codes. Select the 1990 classification that includes other occupations in the same SOC Classification and Coding Minor Group. If other occupations in the same Minor Group are not included in the list of 1990 Census Occupation Codes, try to find other occupations in the same Major Group. Note: There is a search function on the left side of the SOC webpage that is extremely helpful for finding occupations under their Major Group.
Example: Interpreter; Major Group = Arts, Design Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations; Minor Group = Media and Communication Workers; Other occupations under Media and Communication Workers = Public Relations Specialists and Announcers; 1990 Classification for Public Relations Specialists and Announcers = Professional Specialty Occupations.
Data collectors should clarify duties involved with ambiguous job titles to ensure accurate assignment of occupational category as needed.
1990 Census Occupation Codes
Standard Occupational Classification User Guide
1990 Occupational Classification System, Alphabetical Index of Industries and Occupations, 1990 Census of Population and Housing, Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, pp 9-22. See External Links
| Occupation at Admission | |
| Characteristic | N = 12,861 |
|---|---|
| Occupation, n (%) | |
| Administrative Support Including Clerical | 691 (5.4) |
| Executive, Administrative, And Managerial | 1,219 (9.6) |
| Farming, Forestry, And Fishing | 354 (2.8) |
| Handlers, Equipment Cleaners, Helpers, And Laborers | 1,722 (13) |
| Machine Operators, Assemblers, And Inspectors | 722 (5.7) |
| Military Occupations | 36 (0.3) |
| Precision Production, Craft, And Repair | 2,005 (16) |
| Private Household | 73 (0.6) |
| Professional Specialty | 1,615 (13) |
| Protective Service | 276 (2.2) |
| Sales | 1,003 (7.9) |
| Service, Except Protective And Household | 1,684 (13) |
| Technicians And Related Support | 640 (5.0) |
| Transportation And Material Moving | 719 (5.6) |
| Missing | 102 |
| Occupation at Followup | |
| Characteristic | N = 20,569 |
|---|---|
| Occupation, n (%) | |
| Administrative Support | 1,290 (6.5) |
| Executive, Administrative, And Managerial | 2,424 (12) |
| Farming, Forestry, And Fishing | 449 (2.3) |
| Handlers, Equipment Cleaners, Helpers, And Laborers | 2,079 (10) |
| Machine Operators, Assemblers, And Inspectors | 975 (4.9) |
| Military Occupations | 28 (0.1) |
| Precision Production, Craft, And Repair | 2,054 (10) |
| Private Household | 94 (0.5) |
| Professional Specialty | 3,454 (17) |
| Protective Service | 380 (1.9) |
| Sales | 1,865 (9.4) |
| Service, Except Protective And Household | 2,464 (12) |
| Technicians And Related Support | 1,341 (6.8) |
| Transportation And Material Moving | 941 (4.7) |
| Missing | 731 |
Of the people competitivly employed…
99% of the abstracted people have valid data
96% of the interviewed people have valid data
Date Added : 2012-10-01
Form 1 - At the time of your injury, or just prior to your injury, did you smoke cigarettes every day, some days or not at all?
Form 2 - Do you currently smoke cigarettes everyday, some days or not at all?
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form 1 - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 2 - Interview, Mail-out (participant or proxy)
These measures are to be collected from best source available for the Form I Pre-Injury History Questionnaire/Interview. Do not be influenced by information about smoking habits that may be available from hospital records, etc.
If unable to get patient’s response, get information from family. If unable to get family’s response, then use medical chart.
Base the data recorded for these questions on self-response.
For cigarettes, do not include: electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes, NJOY, Bluetip), herbal cigarettes, cigars, cigarillos, little cigars, pipes, bidis, kreteks, water pipes (hookahs), or marijuana.
Cigarette Smoking
BRFSS 7.2 - national and state norms
On 4/1/2013 codes were changed, and existing cases were re-coded in the database.
Codes at implementation:
1 - Everyday
2 - Some Days
3 - Not At All
Codes on/after 4/1/2013:
1 - Not At All
2 - Some Days
3 - Everyday
Characteristic | Overall | INJ | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 5 | Year 10 | Year 15 | Year 20 | Year 25 | Year 30 | Year 35 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Smoking, n (%) | |||||||||||
Everyday | 8,797 (19) | 2,037 (21) | 1,227 (15) | 1,205 (16) | 1,334 (19) | 1,229 (21) | 990 (23) | 503 (23) | 206 (25) | 60 (25) | 6 (17) |
Some Days | 3,339 (7.4) | 946 (9.7) | 479 (6.0) | 533 (7.2) | 509 (7.4) | 376 (6.5) | 267 (6.2) | 144 (6.7) | 64 (7.7) | 17 (7.1) | 4 (11) |
Not At All | 33,212 (73) | 6,760 (69) | 6,268 (79) | 5,621 (76) | 5,017 (73) | 4,217 (72) | 3,079 (71) | 1,506 (70) | 557 (67) | 162 (68) | 25 (71) |
Missing | 1,484 | 129 | 295 | 305 | 248 | 207 | 132 | 100 | 48 | 16 | 4 |
99% of the abstracted people have valid data
96% of the interviewed people have valid data
Date Added : 1999-10-01
Form 1 - Drinking habits during the month prior to the injury
Form 2 - Drinking habits during the month prior to the follow-up
A “drink” is 1 can or bottle of beer, 1 glass of wine, 1 can or bottle of wine cooler, 1 cocktail, or 1 shot of liquor. See External Links.
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form 1 - Pre-Injury History (participant or proxy)
Form 2 - Interview, Mail-out (participant or proxy)
For ALCAnyDrink:
- If coded “0. No” ALCWeek through ALC4Drinks will be autofilled with “888. Not Applicable.”
- If coded “77. Refused”, ALCWeek through ALC4Drinks will be autofilled with ’777. Refused.”
- If coded “66. Variable Did Not Exist”, ALCWeek through ALC4Drinks will be autofilled with “666 = Variable Did Not Exist.”
- If coded “99. Unknown”, ALCWeek through ALC4Drinks will be autofilled with “999 = Unknown”
Base the data recorded for these questions on self-response. Do not be influenced by information about drinking habits that may be available from hospital records, etc.
If cannot get patient’s response, get family, if not family then medical chart.
Use the higher score if a range (in # of drinks) is given.
If participant states they only drink once or twice a month, code “Drinks per Week” as “1”.
Probe for size of drink, and adjust scoring according to answer received.
A “drink” is 1 can or bottle of beer, 1 glass of wine, 1 can or bottle of wine cooler, 1 cocktail, or 1 shot of liquor. See External Links.
Standard Drink Chart
Substance use - Probelmatic Substance Use Identified in the TBIMS National Dataset
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System User’s Guide. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1998. National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies.
A report on substance use that is based on TBIMS data can be found on COMBI: See Links.
QFVI was added to the Form I database as one of the premorbid history questions on 1/1/97. The QFVI was dropped from both Form I and Form II on 10/1/99 and replaced with alcohol questions from NHSDA and BRFSS module 13. The QFVI data are available in a separate database.
Some cases older than 1/1/97 have data for this variable because Centers were encouraged to collect these data retrospectively for older cases.
STARTING 4/1/04 (version 9.5), THE “7” AND “9” CODES WERE REVERSED IN ORDER TO BE CONSISTENT WITH OTHER VARIABLES (7/77=refused, 9/99=unknown/don’t know/not sure). WHEN WORKING WITH DATA COLLECTION FORMS 9.4 AND EARLIER KEEP IN MIND THAT 7’s ON THE FORM SHOULD APPEAR AS 9’s IN THE DATABASE AND VICE VERSA. TAKE THIS INTO ACCOUNT WHEN DATA ON 9.4 OR EARLIER FORMS ARE BEING CORRECTED, OR COMPARED TO DATA IN THE DATABASE.
In 2003, three Model Systems had difficulty collecting part 1 of this item (the same three Model Systems that had difficulty collecting V192a1:Premorbid Drug Use). (10% or more missing data). Between six and eight Model Systems had difficulty collecting the 3 parts of this item.
Characteristic | Overall | INJ | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 5 | Year 10 | Year 15 | Year 20 | Year 25 | Year 30 | Year 35 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alcohol, n (%) | |||||||||||
Abstaining | 40,441 (54) | 7,665 (41) | 10,144 (65) | 8,249 (59) | 6,054 (54) | 4,037 (53) | 2,518 (53) | 1,195 (52) | 432 (53) | 134 (57) | 13 (39) |
Light | 14,679 (20) | 3,643 (20) | 2,890 (18) | 2,786 (20) | 2,282 (20) | 1,541 (20) | 894 (19) | 444 (19) | 152 (19) | 42 (18) | 5 (15) |
Moderate | 14,134 (19) | 4,529 (24) | 2,042 (13) | 2,232 (16) | 2,137 (19) | 1,514 (20) | 976 (20) | 491 (21) | 165 (20) | 40 (17) | 8 (24) |
Heavy | 5,968 (7.9) | 2,763 (15) | 572 (3.7) | 687 (4.9) | 698 (6.2) | 587 (7.6) | 376 (7.9) | 186 (8.0) | 71 (8.7) | 21 (8.9) | 7 (21) |
Missing | 4,078 | 1,335 | 784 | 680 | 459 | 368 | 220 | 153 | 55 | 18 | 6 |
93% of the abstracted people have valid data
95% of the interviewed people have valid data
Date Added : 2012-10-01
Height
Form 1 - Height at baseline (in inches) as documented in either the acute hospital medical record or rehabilitation record.
Form 2 - “How tall are you without shoes?”
Weight
Form 1 - Weight (in pounds) at acute hospitalization as documented in the acute hospital medical record.
Form 2 - “How much do you weigh without shoes?”
[X] Form 1
[X] Form 2
Form 1 Height - Abstraction (acute or rehab record) Form 2 HeightF - Interview, Mail-out (participant or proxy) Form 1 Weight - Abstraction (acute record) Form 2 WeightF - Interview, Mail-Out (participant or proxy)
Height at baseline can be collected from either the acute hospital medical record or rehabilitation record.
Weight should reflect the first measurement taken during acute hospitalization using a scale or bed scale. If unable to determine if recorded weights were measured using a scale or bed scale, use the first recorded weight in the acute hospital medical record. EMS or paramedic reports should not be used to collect weight.
Round up if half inches or pounds are reported.
If the participant notes any arm or leg amputation(s) when asked about height and weight, code 888 - Not Applicable (Any Arm Or Leg Amputation). The Data Collector does NOT need to probe for amputations when asking the height and weight questions.
If there is a height discrepancy between Form 1 and any height reported during follow-up, height should be verified at the next follow-up, and the discrepancy should be corrected on the Form 1 or Form 2 (database and paper file).
CDC :BMI obesity rate by state; M #53, #54
CDC Survey: The State of Aging and Health in America report assesses the health status and health behaviors of U.S. adults aged 65 years and older and makes recommendations to improve the mental and physical health of all Americans in their later years. The report includes national- and state-based report cards that examine 15 key indicators of older adult health. Data is available for 2003-2004 and 2006-2007.
NHIS National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) has monitored the health of the nation since 1957. NHIS data on a broad range of health topics are collected through personal household interviews. For over 50 years, the U.S. Census Bureau has been the data collection agent for the National Health Interview Survey. Survey results have been instrumental in providing data to track health status, health care access, and progress toward achieving national health objectives.
Characteristic | Overall | INJ | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 5 | Year 10 | Year 15 | Year 20 | Year 25 | Year 30 | Year 35 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BMICat, n (%) | |||||||||||
Very Severely Underweight | 76 (0.2) | 31 (0.3) | 13 (0.2) | 16 (0.2) | 4 (<0.1) | 3 (<0.1) | 6 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Severely Underweight | 106 (0.2) | 30 (0.3) | 23 (0.3) | 17 (0.2) | 14 (0.2) | 10 (0.2) | 10 (0.2) | 1 (<0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Underweight | 998 (2.2) | 265 (2.7) | 227 (2.9) | 163 (2.3) | 141 (2.1) | 92 (1.6) | 68 (1.6) | 31 (1.5) | 11 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Normal | 16,771 (38) | 3,894 (40) | 3,312 (43) | 2,866 (40) | 2,465 (37) | 1,918 (34) | 1,351 (32) | 658 (31) | 233 (29) | 65 (29) | 9 (29) |
Overweight | 15,786 (36) | 3,314 (34) | 2,672 (34) | 2,508 (35) | 2,429 (36) | 2,098 (37) | 1,558 (37) | 806 (38) | 304 (38) | 85 (37) | 12 (39) |
Obese Class I | 7,061 (16) | 1,466 (15) | 1,044 (13) | 1,075 (15) | 1,097 (16) | 1,018 (18) | 777 (18) | 376 (18) | 152 (19) | 48 (21) | 8 (26) |
Obese Class Ii | 2,343 (5.3) | 474 (4.9) | 307 (4.0) | 353 (4.9) | 372 (5.6) | 349 (6.1) | 273 (6.5) | 140 (6.6) | 54 (6.8) | 20 (8.8) | 1 (3.2) |
Obese Class Iii | 1,219 (2.7) | 244 (2.5) | 150 (1.9) | 161 (2.2) | 156 (2.3) | 190 (3.3) | 165 (3.9) | 99 (4.7) | 43 (5.4) | 10 (4.4) | 1 (3.2) |
Missing | 2,472 | 154 | 521 | 505 | 430 | 351 | 260 | 139 | 77 | 27 | 8 |
98% of the abstracted people have valid data
94% of the interviewed people have valid data
Date Added : 2012-10-01
AGE - This calculated variable determines the precise age, in full years, of the participant by comparing their fixed Date of Birth (Birth) against a flexible Reference Date (Injury Date or Follow-up Date). This logic is designed to be mathematically accurate, ensuring that the age in years reflects whether the participant’s birthday had passed as of the specified reference date.
AGEF - Age at Follow-Up
AGENoPHI - Age Calculated for Non-PHI calculates age at injury without Protected Health Information by grouping people greater than or equal to the age of 89 so they can’t be identified.
AGENoPHIF - Age at Follow-Up Calculated for Non-PHI calculates age at follow-up without Protected Health Information by grouping people greater than or equal to the age of 89 so they can’t be identified.
BMI, BMIF - (Body Mass Index at Injury) (kg/m2) is calculated from height in inches and weight in pounds as [weight(lbs)/height(in)^2]*703
BMICat, BMICatF classifies BMI into categories between severely underweight to very severely obese, using the BMI calculated from height and weight
RuralF (Urbanicity) - Urbanization based on zip code of address.
AGEF - Calculates years from Birth to Follow-Up
CASE WHEN DATEADD(year, DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury), Birth) > Injury THEN DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) - 1 ELSE DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) END AS AGE
AGENoPHIF - Calculates years from Birth to Follow-Up
(CASE WHEN DATEADD(year, DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury), Birth) > Injury THEN DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) - 1 ELSE DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) END) >= 89 THEN 989 ELSE (CASE WHEN DATEADD(year, DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury), Birth) > Injury THEN DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) - 1 ELSE DATEDIFF(year, Birth, Injury) END) END AS AGENP
BMI, BMIF - If height or weight is not available or a subject had an arm or leg amputation, then BMI is not calculated.
- Computes BMI = Weight /Square(Height) *703 - 888 or 777 is BMI is not available or subject had an arm or leg amputation
- 999 or NULL is BMI is unknown
RURALF - Urbanicity classifies a person’s location as urban, rural, or suburban based on their zip code. The mapping of zip codes to these categories come from a dataset located at http://greatdata.com/rural-urban-data/.
| BMI | ||||||||||
| Characteristic | INJ N = 9,872 |
Year 1 N = 8,269 |
Year 2 N = 7,664 |
Year 5 N = 7,108 |
Year 10 N = 6,029 |
Year 15 N = 4,468 |
Year 20 N = 2,253 |
Year 25 N = 875 |
Year 30 N = 255 |
Year 35 N = 39 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI at Injury | ||||||||||
| N Non-missing | 9,717 | 7,747 | 7,159 | 6,678 | 5,678 | 4,208 | 2,114 | 798 | 228 | 31 |
| Mean (SD) | 26.6 (5.6) | 26.2 (5.4) | 26.6 (5.5) | 27.0 (5.5) | 27.6 (5.6) | 27.8 (6.0) | 28.0 (6.1) | 28.4 (6.3) | 28.8 (6.2) | 28.0 (5.2) |
| Median (Q1, Q3) | 25.8 (22.8, 29.5) | 25.4 (22.5, 29.0) | 25.8 (22.9, 29.5) | 26.4 (23.1, 30.0) | 26.6 (23.6, 30.6) | 26.9 (23.7, 30.9) | 27.1 (24.0, 30.9) | 27.3 (24.3, 31.3) | 27.4 (24.5, 32.2) | 27.7 (24.3, 31.0) |
| Min, Max | 9.2, 73.0 | 11.8, 76.8 | 12.6, 86.6 | 11.8, 71.1 | 14.3, 59.7 | 13.3, 99.6 | 13.7, 62.4 | 15.2, 62.3 | 18.7, 56.5 | 19.0, 41.8 |
| Missing | 155 | 522 | 505 | 430 | 351 | 260 | 139 | 77 | 27 | 8 |
